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\documentstyle[twoside,subequation,app]{eethesis}
\newcommand{\Ps}{Post\-Script}
\renewcommand{\leftmark}{\rightmark}
\markboth{}{}
\pagestyle{myheadings}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{center}
{\large {\bf \LaTeX\ Document Style For \\
Thesis Formatting \vspace{3cm}\\
USER'S MANUAL}}\vspace{1.5cm}\\
Written by:\\
Donna Knight and Suzanne Lednicky\\
Vijay Kodali and Mike Payne\\
Russell Oertel\\ 
Pierce Cantrell \\
Ken J. Chiang \\ 
Wen-Lin Hsieh \vspace{1.5cm}\\ 
Department of Electrical Engineering\\
Texas A\&amp;M University\vspace{1.5cm}\\
Version 2.3\\
July 1993
\end{center}
\newpage

\thispagestyle{myheadings}
\markboth{}{}
\pagenumbering{roman}
\doublespace
\acknow{Special thanks to the following people for their assistance in 
preparing this manual and completing this project:
\setcounter{page}{3}
\begin{itemize}
\item Lily Mummert for her invaluable help in helping us fix our most stubborn 
      problems.
\item Surja Sutanto and Todd Chauvin for answering questions and providing help 
      with the VAX.
\item Bill Baker for the use of his thesis to test the new document style and 
      to be the basis of the example included in this manual.
\item Kay Yocham for the block diagram example.
\item Dr.\ Naugle for his \TeX pertise.
\item Elaine Haschke for help in typing this manual.
\item All of the people at the Thesis Clerk's office for their feedback.
\item Todd Chauvin for his contribution and ideas to this
      macro. 
\item Jon Odegard, Zhong Deng, and Showi-Min Shen for their kindly
      using this draft macro and gave us the errors and suggestions to
      accomplish the final of this macro.
\item All of the people used the previous version of this macro
      and devoted their precious suggestions for us to revise this new macro.
\end{itemize}}

\pagestyle{headings}
\setlength{\headheight}{36pt}
\tableofcontents 

\chapter{INTRODUCTION}
\setlength{\headheight}{12pt}

\pagenumbering{arabic}
\setcounter{page}{1}
\markboth{}{}
\pagestyle{myheadings} 
\section{Background}
The Department of Electrical Engineering at Texas
A\&amp;M University previously used both \TeX\ and \LaTeX\
to generate theses. \TeX\ can create documents of typeset
quality, but it is difficult to learn, requiring a great deal of time and
effort on the part of the user.
 
Donna Knight and Suzanne Lednicky were members of an EE 403/404 team that
designed a set of macros called ``\TeX\ Macros for Thesis Formatting'' that
generated all of the special pages and created simplified sectioning commands,
making \TeX\ much easier to use. However, their package did not allow
virtual labeling of equation and reference numbers~\cite{kl}.
 
Two years later, another EE 403/404 team, Mike Payne and Vijay 
Kodali, incorporated the \TeX\ macros into \LaTeX\ document style {\tt thesis},
which made the formatting of theses even easier. However, this document style
did not allow students to use some of the really nice features of \LaTeX, such 
as the automatic table of contents, list of tables, and list of 
figures~\cite{pk}.

This package incorporates the original \TeX\ Thesis Macros into a new
{\tt eethesis} document style so as to utilize the many useful built-in 
functions available with the \LaTeX\ system. The improvements over the 
old {\tt thesis} document style are listed below:
\begin{itemize}
\item Sectioning is now done by the standard \LaTeX\ commands \verb+\chapter,
\section+, and \verb+\subsection+.
\item The Table of Contents, List of Tables, and List of Figures are now
automatically generated.
\item By using the \verb+\include+ and \verb+\includeonly+ commands, you can
now split your input into sections without having to re-initialize page numbers
or equation numbers in each file.
\item It is now possible to use {\sc Bib}\TeX\ to produce your reference pages. 
This will free you from worrying about how to format your bibliography as well 
as saving you time if you write several papers using many of the same sources.
\item If the caption of a figure or a table 
is longer than one line, the new macro
can line them up right after the table or figure number.
\item There are some new options. For example
the \verb+\blueline+ command can be included to emulate blueline
paper, and
\verb+\verbatimfile{file}+ and \\
\verb+\verbatimlisting[n]{file}+
can be used to include code or a
program into the thesis.
\item Finally, all known errors in the old {\tt thesis} document style have been
corrected in this new {\tt eethesis} document style. 
\end{itemize}

The journal model for the {\tt eethesis} document style is {\sl IEEE 
Transactions on Automatic Control}. It does not matter if your major area is 
communications, computers, power, etc., as this journal model is accepted by 
the entire department. There are many differences in format among the IEEE 
journals; you cannot simply change the footnote at the bottom of the first page 
to say that the journal model is some other IEEE journal. The footnote will not 
be true and your thesis may be rejected.

If you are in a department other than Electrical Engineering, you may still be 
able to use this document style; check with your department. If the journal 
model proves to be unsatisfactory to your department, you should probably 
consider using another means to type your thesis. Changing a document style is 
not a trivial matter; only experienced users should attempt it.
 
\section{Getting Started}
Before you embark upon your thesis production, we suggest that you obtain a 
copy of the ``Thesis Manual''
and a copy of Leslie Lamport's {\em \LaTeX\ 
User's Guide and Reference Manual}~\cite{ll} which are available in the MSC 
Bookstore. If you intend to write equations in \TeX\ you may wish to purchase 
a copy of Donald Knuth's {\it The \TeX book}~\cite{dk}, which is also available 
in the MSC Bookstore. Another introductory \LaTeX\ book is
David J. Buerger's {\em \LaTeX\ for Engineers and
Scientists}~\cite{db}, also available in the MSC Bookstore.
You might also find it useful to have a copy of the 
Electrical Engineering \LaTeX\ Examples
book, which is available in the WERC Copy Center. 
We are assuming that you have 
at least a basic understanding of \LaTeX\ and an editor. You will need 
to consult the \LaTeX\ Users Guide and possibly {\it The \TeX book},
the latter when producing complex mathematical equations.

\section{Where to Find the Files}
There are two types of files associated with the \LaTeX\ thesis document 
style:
%\doublespace
\begin{itemize}
\item \verb+.tex+ files: There are ``boiler-plate'' files for each of the 
preliminary and supplementary pages. You will need to copy all of these files 
into your own directory and customize them for your thesis. 
On ee or eemips you can do this by issuing the command

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
          cp /usr/local/lib/tex/eethesis_template/* .
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
You will need to copy the
boiler-plate files from ee or eemips if you are running on SIGMA or VENUS using
ftp. 
\item \verb+.sty+ files: These are the files that \LaTeX\ reads in to control 
formatting. You will not normally need to access these files directly 
unless you want to modify the style or copy the files to your PC or Macintosh
(see Chapter~III, Section~H--4). There are three files associated with the 
\LaTeX\ thesis document style: {\tt eethesis.sty,
eethe12.sty, and eethetitle.sty.}
\end{itemize} 

Appendix~A contains a sample thesis that illustrates the output from this 
document style. Table~I shows the location of the files on various computers on
campus.

\begin{table}[tbp]
\caption{Location of {\tt eethesis} Files}
\vspace{12pt}
\centerline{
\begin{tabular}{||c l l||}
\hline\hline
Node&amp;.sty files&amp;.tex files\\
\hline
ee&amp;/usr/local/lib/tex/inputs&amp;
/usr/local/lib/tex/eethesis\_template\\
eemips&amp;/usr/local/lib/tex/inputs&amp;
/usr/local/lib/tex/eethesis\_template\\
sigma&amp;tex\_root:[latex.styles]&amp;\\
venus&amp;tex\_root:[latex.styles]&amp;\\
\hline\hline
\end{tabular}
}
\end{table}

\section{Running Your  Thesis} 
A thesis tends to be so long that you will often run out of disk space if you
try to run it all at once. Also, it is inefficient to re-run your entire thesis
when all you have done is to have made a small change in a portion of it.
Therefore, it is recommended that you use separate files for each chapter and 
each preliminary and supplementary page. The best way to do this is to use the
\verb+\include+ and \verb+\includeonly+ commands, which are explained in 
Section~4.4 of the \LaTeX\ manual. Basically, what you should do is to work from
one main file, which will then call the file(s) you wish to work on. You need 
not enter the extension \verb+.tex+ in the \verb+\include+ statements. A sample
main file is available for you to edit as you wish; it is called 
\verb+thesis.tex+ and contains the following commands:

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
	\documentstyle{eethesis}
	\includeonly{title,approval,...}
	%\def\type{Dissertation} % Uncomment this line for dissertation
	%\def\degree{DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY} % Uncomment this line for Ph.D.
	%\def\major{Dept. Name} % Uncomment this line if not ELEN
	\begin{document}                
	\pagenumbering{roman}
	\include{title}
	\include{approval}
	\include{abstract}
	\include{ded}
	\include{ack}
	\include{lists}
	\pagenumbering{arabic}
	\setlength{\headheight}{12pt}
	\pagestyle{myheadings}
	\include{ch1}
	\include{ch2}
	\include{bib}          % Include only one of these two lines.
%	\include{biblio}      % "biblio" if you use BibTeX, "bib" if not.
%	\include{supp}
	\include{append}
	\include{vita}
	\end{document}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace

The \verb+\include+ commands tell \LaTeX\ which files comprise the entire 
document while the \verb+\includeonly+ command tells \LaTeX\ which files you
want to run at that time. When you \verb+latex+ the main file (i.e., 
\verb+latex thesis+), \LaTeX\ will ignore all \verb+\include'd+ files that are 
not mentioned in the \verb+\includeonly+ command, but it will keep track of 
page numbers, equation numbers, etc.\ as if the ignored files 
had been included. We recommend that you perfect each portion of your thesis
by using the \verb+\includeonly+ command to work on each file individually.
You can delete the \verb+.dvi+ files from your directory if you wish, but you 
should keep the latest version of the \verb+.aux+ files around. The \verb+.aux+
file is what \LaTeX\ uses to keep track of things relative to the other 
\verb+\include'd+ files (e.g., page numbers, equation numbers, reference 
numbers, figure numbers, and table numbers).

\noindent {\bf Note:} When using the \verb+\include+ command, it is very 
important to be sure that any new counters, environments, etc.\ that you define 
are defined in the preamble of your main file (i.e., before 
\verb+\begin{document}+ in \verb+thesis.tex+). Do {\em not} define any of these 
things in the middle of your document or an error will occur.

After you have perfected each section individually by using \verb+\includeonly+,
you need to put the entire thesis together. The best way to do this
is to start at the beginning of your document (the titlepage) and work to the
end (the vita), \LaTeX'ing one or more files at a time using 
\verb+\includeonly+. The only file that should not be \LaTeX'd in sequential
order is the file that contains your Table of Contents, List of Tables, and 
List of Figures (i.e., \verb+lists.tex+).
This file should be \LaTeX'd last so that it can gather the most up-to-date
information from the various \verb+.aux+ files. If you run your files 
sequentially, they will have all of the information they need from the previous
files (page numbers, equation numbers, etc.) to format text correctly. However, 
if you have made major changes in the file since the last time you \LaTeX'd it 
(i.e., changes which affect the \verb+.aux+ file), \LaTeX\ will output a 
warning message to your screen telling you that you must re-run your document 
to ``get cross-references right.''\@ It is important that you do \LaTeX\ your 
thesis again; otherwise page numbers, equation numbers, or the table of contents
may not be correct. It is important to remember that when you print 
a portion of your thesis it may not be totally correct if {\em any} of 
the other \verb+\incude'd .aux+ files is not up-to-date. Do not be alarmed if 
page numbers or equation numbers are wrong; if you \LaTeX\ your thesis 
sequentially and re-run individual files when told to do so by the computer, 
your final output should be correct.

\section{Printing Your Thesis}
Different computers at Texas A\&amp;M University
have different commands for printing a \LaTeX\
document. You will always begin the process with the command {\tt latex filename}. 
This produces a {\tt .dvi} file which can be transferred to any other computer 
for further processing. After this, you must run some sort of {\tt dvi} program 
on your document and then use another command to print it. Some computer systems
combine all of these steps into one command.

The commands for \verb+ee+ or \verb+eemips+ to {\tt dvi} and {\tt print} 
the \LaTeX\ output are:

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
dvihp file
lpr -Phpzac -l file.hp
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace\noindent
\verb+dvihp+ is a program that converts \verb+.dvi+ files to \verb+.hp+ files
for our \verb+HP Laserjet 2000+ laser printer.
There are many options available for \verb+dvihp+, for details the manual page
is included in Appendix~F. The \verb+-Phpzac+ option selects the
\verb+HP Laserjet 2000+ printer in Zachry~214. 
The \verb+-l+ option is required for printing \verb+.hp+ files.
If you forget to put \verb+-l+ after \verb+lpr+,
you will not get any binary file printout. 

The EE department also has a DEC LPS20 PostScript printer. For straight \LaTeX,
this printer is slower than the {\tt Laserjet 2000}, and the cost per page for
supplies is higher. For these reasons, we ask that you use the LPS20 only if you
have PostScript graphics to include or if the {\tt Laserjet 2000} is down. The
command to {\tt dvi} and {\tt print} the output on ee or eemips are as follows:

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
dvips file
lpr -Plpszac -l file.ps
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
{\tt dvips} converts {\tt .dvi} files to {\tt .ps} files for a PostScript 
printer. There are many options for {\tt dvips}; the manual page is included 
in Appendix~G. The \verb+-Plpszac+ option selects the LPS20 printer in 
Zachry~214. Including PostScript graphics is discussed in Section~III.D.3.

Users of SIGMA and 
VENUS can use the Xerox 4050 printer available in ZCC. After
you finish running \LaTeX, you just type
\begin{verbatim}
texrox/que=xrxzcc file 
\end{verbatim}
and then you can go to the ZCC help desk to get your printout.
Check at a help desk if you don't know the commands to use from your computer. 

There are two recommended ways for printing your thesis on blueline.
The first is to send your \verb+.dvi+ files to your SIGMA or VENUS account
(available to every student --- see Appendix~I for instructions on getting an 
account) and then send your thesis to the Xerox 4050
laser printer in the RCC (The Remote Computing Center behind the library) or to 
one of the two Xerox 9700 laser printers in the TCC (The Teague Computing Center
in the Teague Building).
The commands for doing this are
\begin{verbatim}
$ texrox/box=nnnn/queue=RCC/form=11A1 filename       (for the 4050)
$ texrox/box=mmmm/queue=XEROX/form=11A1 filename     (for the 9700s)
\end{verbatim}
Do not type in the extension on your filename.
Your thesis will be printed on blueline paper and you may pick it up from the 
box that you specified (The RCC boxes are numbered from 100A through 117E and 
the TCC boxes are numbered 001A through 017D; you 
may choose any one). The 
\TeX{\sc rox} reference card is included in Appendix~J of this manual.

A second way is to print your thesis on a laser printer attached to the computer
system you usually work on, and then have one of the copy centers copy your 
thesis on blueline. 
To avoid paper jams, blueline paper is {\bf not} allowed in EE Department 
printers.

Paper is expensive. Do not run more than one final copy of your thesis or 
dissertation on EE Department printers. Take your final version to a copy 
center to obtain additional copies.

Sometimes a laser printer may be out of adjustment and your output may 
not be within the blue line (try to find a sheet of 
blueline paper to check your 
output). To alter the left/right orientation on the page, change the parameter 
\verb+\oddsidemargin+ (see p.163 of the \LaTeX\ book), and to alter the 
top/bottom orientation change the parameter \verb+\topmargin+, which is 
initially set at $-.15$ inches. For example, if 
the laser printer is printing your thesis .25 inches too far to the left, you 
will want to increase the \verb+\oddsidemargin+. Since the 
\verb+\oddsidemargin+ is initially set at .25 inches, you will want to change 
it to 0.5 inches by placing the command 
\verb+\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{0.5in}+ into your main file (\verb+thesis.tex+)
right before the \verb+\begin{document}+ statement. If your thesis is being 
printed .25 inches too far to the right, you can set the \verb+\oddsidemargin+ 
to \verb+0in+ in the same manner. 
 
\section{Using a Spelling Checker}
After you have typed in your thesis, it is a good idea to run your document
through a spelling check program. There are a number of different spelling 
programs installed on the campus computers. If possible, you probably want to 
use one that understands that \TeX\ and \LaTeX\ commands should not be flagged 
as spelling errors.

On VENUS the public domain spelling program installed automatically 
selects \TeX/\LaTeX\ mode. 
To check the spelling of a file {\tt junk.tex} issue
the command
\begin{verbatim}
         spell junk.tex
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace
On ee and eemips there are two spelling programs that can be used with 
\TeX/\LaTeX.
There is an interactive program \verb+ispell+. See the manual 
page for information
on \verb+ispell+. You can also use the following method to obtain a list of the 
misspelled words and then correct them using an editor:
\newpage

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
         detex &lt; file.tex &gt; junk
         spell junk &gt; misspell
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
The file {\tt misspell} will contain a list 
of the misspelled words. If you misspell the
same word several times, it will only be listed once. Therefore, be sure to
search for all occurrences. 

\chapter{USING THE THESIS MACROS}
\section{The Title Page}
The file which you will be using is called {\tt title.tex}. After copying this 
file to your directory, edit it and replace the 
data enclosed within the braces with the appropriate information for your 
particular thesis. Remember to enclose all of the parameters within braces. 
As required by the Thesis Manual, the month must be either
May, August, or December. The following is the file
{\tt  title.tex} that you have copied into your account: 
\medskip
 
\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\maketitlepage
{First Line of Title\\ Second Line of Title}  % For one-line title,
                                              % delete the "\\"
{Your Full Name} 
{Degree}         % For example, `Master of Science'
                 % or `Doctor of Philosophy'
{Month Year}
{Major Subject}  % For example, `Electrical Engineering'
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace

\medskip\noindent
Now run \LaTeX\ on the modified file {\tt titlepage.tex} as usual.

\section{The Approval Page}
We have created four forms of the Approval Page to accommodate
the most common organizations of the Advisory Committee.
Use only {\it one} of the following {\it Approval Page} macros:
\smallskip
 
\begin{enumerate}
\item For One chairman and 3 members use \verb+\approvalone+
\item For One chairman and 4 members use \verb+\approvaltwo+
\item For Two Co--Chairmen and 2 members use \verb+\approvalthree+
\item For Two Co--Chairmen and 3 members use \verb+\approvalfour+
\end{enumerate}

\smallskip
If you're not in one of these categories, either change your 
Advisory Committee or copy \verb+eethetitle.sty+ into your directory and edit 
the approval page macro at your own risk!
 
You will edit one of the approval page files in the same manner that you did 
when creating the titlepage. Remember to enclose all of the parameters within 
braces. 
 
Examples of each of the approval files are shown below; they can be found in 
\verb+approval.tex+. Study the Thesis Manual
for additional detailed information. Use one of the following and delete 
the others. For a single line title delete the \verb+`\\'+.
\nobreak
\bigskip
 
\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\approvalone
{First Line of Title\\ Second Line of Title}
{Your Full Name}
{Chairman's name}
{Member's Name}
{Member's Name}
{Member's Name}
{Head of Department's Name}
{Month Year}
 
\approvaltwo
{First Line of Title\\ Second Line of Title}
{Your Full Name}
{Chairman's name}
{Member's Name}
{Member's Name}
{Member's Name}
{Member's Name}
{Head of Department's Name}
{Month Year}
 
\approvalthree
{First Line of Title\\ Second Line of Title}
{Your Full Name}
{Co-Chairman's name}
{Co-Chairman's name}
{Member's Name}
{Member's Name}
{Head of Department's Name}
{Month Year}
 
\approvalfour
{First Line of Title\\ Second Line of Title}
{Your Full Name}
{Co-Chairman's name}
{Co-Chairman's name}
{Member's Name}
{Member's Name}
{Member's Name}
{Head of Department's Name}
{Month Year}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
 
 
\smallskip
\noindent {\bf Note:} When you run the approval page, you may get some
``overfill hbox'' warnings with ``badness 10000.'' Neglect these
warnings---hboxes are too picky! These warnings are due to the layout
of the approval page which is formatted correctly. 

\section{ The Abstract Page}
You have two alternatives from which to choose in creating your
abstract page. Use \verb+\absone+ if you have one chairman
on your Advisory Committee; use \verb+\abstwo+ if you have two co--chairmen. 
Begin by editing the file {\tt abstract.tex} and replace the data enclosed 
within the braces with the appropriate information for your thesis.  
Include the entire text of the abstract within one set of braces.
As stated in the Thesis Manual, the text of your abstract must not
exceed 350 words in length. 
The following is the file {\tt abstract.tex}:
\medskip
\goodbreak
 
\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\absone
{First Line of Title\\Second Line of Title}
{Month Year}
{Your Full Name}
{Degree, University;\\Degree, University} % Degrees ALREADY RECEIVED,
                                   % e.g. {B.S., Rice University;\\
                                   % M.S., Texas A\&amp;M University}
                                   % If only one degree, delete `;\\'
{Chairman's name}
{Place your abstract between these braces. The text of your abstract 
must not exceed 350 words. Place your abstract between these braces. 
The text of your abstract must not exceed 350 words.}
 
\abstwo
{First Line of Title\\Second Line of Title}
{Month Year}
{Your Full Name}
{Degree, University;\\Degree, University}
{Co-Chairman's name}
{Co-Chairman's name}
{Place your abstract between these braces. The text of your abstract 
must not exceed 350 words. Place your abstract between these braces. 
The text of your abstract must not exceed 350 words.}
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace
\section{The Dedication Page (optional)}
You may include a dedication in your thesis if you like. Using the 
\verb+\dedicate+ command, you can enter in as many names as will fit on one 
line. We recommend one or two names only.  If you do not wish to have this 
page, do not include it when you run your final thesis copy.
The file that you will be editing (\verb+ded.tex+) looks like this:
\medskip
 
\begin{verbatim}
\dedicate{Name}
\end{verbatim}

\medskip
\doublespace
For example, if you replaced the word ``Name'' in the above file with
``Suzanne and Donna,'' then you would get the following line
appropriately spaced on its own page:\\
\smallskip
\centerline{To Suzanne and Donna}
\doublespace
 
\section{The Acknowledgment Page (optional)}
The file which you will be using is called {\tt ack.tex}.
Begin by editing this file inserting the data appropriate for your thesis.
Place the entire text of your acknowledgment within
one set of braces.   If you do not wish to have this
page, do not include it when you run your final thesis copy.
The following is the file {\tt ack.tex}:
\smallskip
\goodbreak
 
\begin{verbatim}
\acknow{Place your acknowledgment within these braces.}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
 
\section{Table of Contents, List of Tables, and List of Figures}
Latex will automatically generate these for you if you \verb+\include+ a file
such as \verb+lists.tex+ shown here:
\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
	\pagestyle{headings}
	\setlength{\headheight}{36pt}
	\tableofcontents
	\listoftables
	\listoffigures
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
If you have only one table or figure (or no tables or figures), you do not need 
to include a listing, and you can therefore delete the appropriate command from 
\verb+lists.tex+. Every time you use a \verb+\chapter+, \verb+\section+, 
\verb+\subsection+, or \verb+\appendix+ command, an entry will be created in 
the Table of Contents. An entry will also be automatically generated for the 
References and Vita pages. Table and figure entries are generated by the 
\verb+\caption+ command. Remember that if you make any changes that affect 
these lists, you must \LaTeX\ your entire document to update the \verb+.aux+ 
files before you try to \verb+\include{lists}+ to generate your updated lists.

If your Table of Contents is produced in such a way that there are no chapter 
entries on a particular page (see the second page of the Table of Contents of 
this manual for an example), the Thesis Clerk will not approve your thesis. You 
have two options: either white-out the word ``CHAPTER'' and have that page 
photocopied onto blueline paper, or force a pagebreak by putting the following 
command at the beginning of one of your chapter files:
\begin{verbatim}
\addtocontents{toc}{\protect\newpage}
\end{verbatim}

\noindent {\bf Note:} You may see some ``underfull vbox'' warnings when running 
{\tt lists.tex}. Ignore these warnings; they are due to the format of these 
pages.

\section{The Reference Page}
\subsection{The \LaTeX\ Bibliography Environment}
You have two choices of how to do your references.  The first
is to use the bibliography environment described in the \LaTeX\ manual.  
This will produce the appropriate page headings for your bibliography 
and will also create the appropriate Table of Contents entry.  The \LaTeX\ 
manual can show you how to do this. Be sure to take advantage of the automatic 
referencing facility offered by \LaTeX. The \verb+\cite{}+ command and the 
other facets of automatic referencing are explained in Section~C.10.3 of 
the \LaTeX\ Users Guide. It can be very beneficial to use \verb+\cite{}+ to note
your citations rather than numbering them yourself, especially if you decide to 
delete or add an entry to your bibliography. \LaTeX\ will renumber all of your 
citations automatically. If you wish to produce your bibliography this way, you 
can edit the file \verb+bib.tex+ and use a `\%' to comment out the 
\verb+\include{biblio}+ command in your main file.
Examples of references formatted according to the journal
model {\sl IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control} are given below.

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{thebibliography}{10}

\bibitem{JA:1}
Joe Author, ``Title of report,'' Research Report~23, Department of 
  Publication, Name of University, City, State, October 1999.

\bibitem{AAJA:1}
Arthur Author and Joe Author, ``Title of journal article,'' {\sl 
  Title of Journal}, vol.~76, pp.~27--45, July 1776.

\bibitem{AB:1}
Author Book, {\sl Title of Book}, vol.~1. City, State of Publication: 
  Name of Publishing Company, 16th edition, 1988.

\bibitem{MWJCDL:1}
Matthew Wright, James Chodzko, and Danny Luk, {\sl Title of Book}. 
  College Station, Texas: Name of Publisher, 1988, chap.~4--5, 
  pp.~56--99.

\bibitem{HC:1}
Han Chen, ``Title of Booklet,'' College Station, Texas, Texas A\&amp;M
  University, July 1989.

\bibitem{ROPC:1}
Russell~L. Oertel and Pierce Cantrell, {\sl \LaTeX\ Example Manual}. 
  Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A\&amp;M University, 
  College Station, Texas, September 1988.

\bibitem{JS:1}
Joseph~W. Simpson, ``Title of article,'' in {\sl Title of Book}. 
  Editor of~Book, Ed., City, State of Publication: Name of 
  Publishing Company, 1983, chap.~3, pp.~400--402.

\bibitem{PR:1}
Peter~J. Rizzo, Ed., {\sl Title of Conference Proceedings}, 
  Sponsoring Organization, Location of Symposium, Name of 
  publisher, June 1987.

\bibitem{AA:1}
Arthur Article, ``Title of conference article,'' in {\sl Title of 
  Conference Proceedings Record}, Sponsoring Organization, 
  Location of Symposium, Name of Publisher, January 1989.

\bibitem{PKGT:1}
P. Kenneth and G.~E. Taylor, ``Solution of variational problems 
  with bounded control variables by means of the generalized 
  {N}ewton-{Raphson} method,'' presented at the Symp.\ on Recent 
  Advances in Optimization Techniques, Carnegie Inst.\ of Tech., 
  Pittsburgh, Pa., April 1965.

\bibitem{RL:1}
R.~E. Larson, ``Title of dissertation,'' Ph.D. dissertation, 
  Stanford University, Stanford, California, 1964.

\bibitem{EG:1}
Elaine~G. Haschke, ``Title of thesis,'' Master's thesis, Drofnats 
  University, West Yellowstone, Montana, May 1993.

\bibitem{JS:2}
J.~D. Simon, private communications, November 1963.

\end{thebibliography}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
\subsection{{\sc Bib}\TeX}
The second way to handle references 
is to use {\sc Bib}\TeX.\@  {\sc Bib}\TeX\ will
be useful if you are writing other papers (possibly
for publication) similar to your thesis.  {\sc Bib}\TeX\ allows
you to build one bibliographic database for use with all of your 
papers.  It is explained in Appendix~B of the \LaTeX\ manual.  The \LaTeX\ 
manual recommends that you not use {\sc Bib}\TeX\ for just one paper,
but we think it should be used, even for just your thesis, especially
if you hate worrying about formatting each entry of your bibliography. Another 
good reason to use {\sc Bib}\TeX\ is that it automatically puts your 
bibliography in the order that sources were cited, freeing you from worrying 
about that problem as well.

Your bibliographic database will look something like the file 
\verb+bibdata.bib+, which is shown on the following pages (the output 
generated from this file 
was shown in the previous section). You may notice that there are braces 
around a few of the words and letters in the database. This is because 
{\sc Bib}\TeX\ will de-capitalize all of the letters in titles, except for the 
first letter of the first word. In order to preserve the capitalization of 
proper names in an article title, you must enclose the word or letter in braces 
so that {\sc Bib}\TeX\ knows to leave it alone. Pages 144--146 of the \LaTeX\ 
User's Guide will help you decide how to classify each of your references. Also, 
there have been some minor changes made in {\sc Bib}\TeX\ since the \LaTeX\ 
User's Guide was written. These changes are explained in a document called {\sl 
{\sc Bib}\TeX ing}~\cite{op} that is included in Appendix~B.
\begin{itemize}
\item @inbook and @inproceedings are for {\em portions} of a book or 
proceedings record, while @book and @proceedings are for the entire source.
\item @booklet and @manual are formatted much like a book.
\item You may use the {\tt note} field to indicate when an @unpublished article 
will be published and use @misc when nothing else fits.
\item There is now an optional {\tt type} argument in @mastersthesis and 
@phdthesis which you can use to cause {\sc Bib}\TeX\ to call your reference an 
``M.S. Thesis'' (or whatever) instead of the default ``Master's Thesis.''
\end{itemize}
\goodbreak

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
@techreport{JA:1,
	author="Joe Author",
	title="Title of Report",
	type="Research Report",
	institution="Department of Publication, Name of University",
	year=1999,
	number=23,
	address="City, State",
	month="October"}

@article{AAJA:1,
	author="Arthur Author and Joe Author",
	title="Title of Journal Article",
	journal="Title of Journal",
	volume=76,
	pages="27--45",
	month="July",
	year=1776}

@book{AB:1,
	author="Author Book",
	title="Title of Book",
	address="City, State of Publication",
	publisher="Name of Publishing Company",
	volume=1,
	edition="16th",
	year=1988}

@inbook{MWJCDL:1,
	author="Matthew Wright and James Chodzko and Danny Luk",
	title="Title of Book",
	chapter="4--5",
	pages="56--99",
	address="College Station, Texas",
	publisher="Name of Publisher",
	year=1988}

@booklet{HC:1,
	author="Han Chen",
	title="Title of Booklet",
	howpublished="Texas A\&amp;M University",
	address="College Station, Texas",
	month="July",
	year=1989}

@manual{ROPC:1,
	author="Russell L. Oertel and Pierce Cantrell",
	title="\LaTeX\ Example Manual",
	organization="Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A\&amp;M 
		University",
	address="College Station, Texas",
	month="September",
	year=1988}

@incollection{JS:1,
	author="Joseph W. Simpson",
	title="Title of Article",
	booktitle="Title of Book",
	editor="of Book, Editor",
	address="City, State of Publication",
	publisher="Name of Publishing Company",
	year=1983,
	chapter="3",
	pages="400--402"}

@proceedings{PR:1,
	title="Title of Conference Proceedings",
	editor="Peter J. Rizzo",
	organization="Sponsoring Organization",
	address="Location of Symposium",
	publisher="Name of publisher",
	month="June",
	year=1987}

@inproceedings{AA:1,
	author=" Arthur Article",
	title="Title of Conference Article",
	booktitle="Title of Conference Proceedings Record",
	organization="Sponsoring Organization",
	address="Location of Symposium",
	publisher="Name of Publisher",
	month="January",
	year=1989}	

@unpublished{PKGT:1,
	author="P. Kenneth and G. E. Taylor",
	title="Solution of variational problems with bounded control 
	  variables by means of the generalized {N}ewton-{Raphson} method",
	note="presented at the Symp.\ on Recent Advances in Optimization 
	  Techniques, Carnegie Inst.\ of Tech., Pittsburgh, Pa.",
	month="April",
	year=1965}

@phdthesis{RL:1,
	author="R. E. Larson",
	title="Title of Dissertation",
	school="Stanford University",
	address="Stanford, California",
	year=1964}

@mastersthesis{EG:1,
	author="Elaine G. Haschke",
	title="Title of Thesis",
	school="Drofnats University",
	address="West Yellowstone, Montana",
	month="May",
	year="1993"}

@misc{JS:2,
	author="J. D. Simon",
	month="November",
	year=1963,
	howpublished="private communications"}
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace
Once you have created your bibliographic database, you are ready to use it to 
automatically create the bibliography of your thesis. To use {\sc Bib}\TeX, you 
should \verb+\include+ the file \verb+biblio.tex+ (shown below). Also use the 
`\%' to comment out the \verb+\include{bib}+ command in your main file.

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
          \bibliographystyle{theunsrt}
          \bibliography{bibdata}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace

These commands specify that your bibliography should be created from entries 
in the file {\tt bibdata.bib}. There are several bibliography styles that can be
used with the eethesis document style; the style {\tt theunsrt.bst} is the style
used in the examples in this manual. The entries in this style are patterned 
after those in {\sl IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control}.  It lists the 
sources in the order they were cited. There is also a generic {\tt ieeetr.bst}, 
which formats sources similar to many IEEE publications. If neither of these 
styles is suitable for your department, you might consider {\tt acm.bst} or {\tt
siam.bst} which format your bibliography in the style of ACM and SIAM 
publications. Check the {\tt tex.bibtex} directory on the machine that you use 
to see if there are any other {\tt .bst} files you can use.

If none of these styles or the standard 
styles are suitable for use in your department, you can type your bibliography 
by hand as explained in the previous section of this manual or you try to adapt 
one of the bibliography styles (a word of warning --- adapting an existing 
bibliography style is not a trivial matter).
Alternatively, you can check the \LaTeX\ file server at Clarkson.

To create the bibliography, you must first \LaTeX\ each section of your paper 
so that {\tt .aux} files are created. After this, you type:

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
          $ bibtex thesis
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace
{\sc Bib}\TeX\ will then create a {\tt thesis.bbl} file by scanning the 
\verb+.aux+ files for {\tt $\backslash$cite\{~\}} commands. Because 
{\sc Bib}\TeX\ reads only the \verb+.aux+ files, it doesn't matter which files 
you have mentioned in an \verb+\includeonly+ command.
It will create an entry in the bibliography for every different 
source that you cite in your paper. This {\tt .bbl} file will look very much
like a bibliography that you might type into a \LaTeX\ file yourself. In fact,
you may edit the {\tt .bbl} file should you find that you would like to make
some minor changes to the bibliography. ({\sc Bib}\TeX\ isn't perfect, and may 
not handle unusual things quite right.) However, the {\tt .bbl} file you have 
edited will be destroyed, and a new one created if you run {\sc Bib}\TeX\ 
again. The next time you \LaTeX\ your paper
with \verb+\includeonly{biblio}+, 
the bibliography will be printed as if you had put it into the thesis yourself.
\subsection{Supplemental Sources Consulted}
Following your list of references, you may include a list of Supplemental 
Sources Consulted for general references as outlined in the Thesis Manual. 
Examples of this are shown below.

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{supplements}
\item Author(s) of Paper, ``Title of Paper,'' presented at 
the Name of Conference, City, State of Conference, 
Date of Conference.
 
\item Name of Person, private communications, Date.
 
\item I can put anything here.
\end{supplements}
\end{document}
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace
 
There is a trick you can use to have {\sc Bib}\TeX\ make your supplemental
sources section for you. Create a dummy file which contains only the 
\verb+\bibliographystyle+ command, the \verb+\bibliography+ command, and 
\verb+\nocite+ commands. You can \verb+\nocite+ all of your supplemental 
sources and run {\sc Bib}\TeX\ to create a {\tt .bbl} file. You can then edit 
the {\tt .bbl} file, changing the commands \verb+\begin{thebibliography}+ and 
\verb+\end{thebibliography}+ to \verb+\begin{supplements}+ and 
\verb+\end{supplements}+. Finally, rename the file to {\tt supp.tex} and 
\verb+\include+ it in your thesis. The dummy file should look something like 
this:

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\documentstyle{eethesis}
\begin{document}
\nocite{src1}
\nocite{src2}
\nocite{src3}
\bibliographystyle{thesis}
\bibliography{bibdata}
\end{document}
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace

\section{Appendices}
Appendices may be added to the end of your paper.  If you choose to have 
appendices, they should be created the same way you would start a chapter 
except that you use \verb+\appendix{Title}+ instead of \verb+\chapter{Title}+. 
\LaTeX\ will automatically label the appendix with a letter (i.e.,
\verb+Appendix A, Appendix B, etc.+) and capitalize the appendix title. This is 
the file \verb+append.tex+.

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\appendix{Title of Appendix}
This is the text of the Appendix. If this is the first appendix, it 
will be labeled Appendix A.
\end{verbatim}
\medskip
\doublespace
 
\section{The Vita Page}
The file which you will be using is called {\tt vita.tex}. Begin by
inserting your brief biographical sketch as the parameter for \verb+\vita+
and your typist's name (which is probably {\it your} name) as the 
parameter for \verb+\typist+. Your {\it Vita} must not exceed
one page in length. You should consult the Thesis Manual for other
requirements of the {\it Vita} paragraph.
Remember, since the whole paragraph is just one parameter, you must use only
one set of braces. Do not enclose every line you enter with braces!
This is what you will see in {\tt vita.tex}:
\medskip
\goodbreak
 
\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\vita{Place the text of your Vita between these braces.}
\typist{Typist's Name}
\end{verbatim}
 
\doublespace
\medskip
If you decide that you do not want to acknowledge your typist in your
document, then do not use the \verb+\typist+ command after \verb+\vita+.
 
\chapter{FORMATTING THE BODY}
The body of a thesis produced by this document style is formatted using the 
journal {\sl IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control} as a model. There is no 
{\em simple} way to adapt this document style so that it follows a different 
model. We suggest that you either use this system as it is (assuming your 
department will approve of the format), or use another method for writing your 
thesis.

\section{The First Page of the Body}
The first page of the body of your thesis is a special one.  
The page numbering scheme needs to be 
reinitialized so that the page numbers will now be arabic instead
of roman numerals. You are also required to make a footnote designating the 
journal model you used.  We have this all set up for you with a \verb+\body+
command to be used after the first \verb+\chapter+ command.

The \verb+\body+ command is allowed {\em only} in Chapter~1. If you put 
\verb+\body+ in every chapter, the page numbers will be reset every time
you put the \verb+\body+. Therefore, {\em DO NOT} put \verb+\body+ command
in other chapters except Chpater~1.
 
\section{Headings for Chapters, Sections, and Subsections}
Now you are ready to enter the text of your thesis. You may do this by editing
the sample chapter files which we have provided for you. There are two files: 
\verb+ch1.tex+ for the first chapter, and \verb+ch2.tex+ for all subsequent 
chapters. Most theses have chapters and sections. Very detailed documents 
often have subsections as well. The chapter command looks like this:
\medskip
\begin{verbatim}
       \chapter{Title of Chapter}
\end{verbatim}
\medskip
This command will start the new chapter on a new sheet of paper, and skip the 
proper amount after the title before it begins to print your text. You do not 
need to leave any special blank lines or specify any spacing. This command will 
also automatically capitalize the chapter title; it is the only one of the 
sectioning commands that will do this. The chapters are 
numbered with roman numerals automatically.

\medskip
\begin{verbatim}
       \section{The Title of Your Section}
\end{verbatim}
\medskip
The section command, shown above, will left-justify and properly format your 
section title. The first letter of each word in the section title must be 
capitalized; there is no automatic capitalization.
The proper amount of spacing for the text preceding and following the title is 
included in the macro. The alphabetic characters that label the sections are 
automatic! Do not type them in.

\medskip
\begin{verbatim}
       \subsection{The Title of Your Subsection}
\end{verbatim}
\medskip

This command centers your subsection title. The first letter of each word in a 
subsection title should be capitalized; there is no automatic capitalization. 
The proper amount of spacing is included for the text preceding and following 
the title; do not add any spacing. Subsections will automatically be assigned
arabic subsection numbers; do not type them in.

\section{Equations}
If your thesis does not contain complicated mathematics, the
material in Sections~3.3, 4.2, and Appendices~C.6 and C.9.2
of the \LaTeX\ manual will probably be sufficient. For
sophisticated mathematics, which is \TeX 's real strength, you
will also need to study the \TeX book.

You need to pay particular attention to Section 4.2 of the
\LaTeX\ manual where automated numbering and referencing
of equations are described. This may seem like more trouble
than it is worth. However, if you have ever removed an equation
from the beginning of a paper and then had to renumber
all subsequent equations, you will understand
how much work this feature can save you.
 
In the {\tt eethesis} document style, equations will 
be numbered by chapter (e.g.,
1.1, 1.2,\ldots 2.1, 2.2, etc.). If you need subequations (e.g., 1.1a, 1.1b,
\ldots), see the following subsection.
If you have some 
equations which you do not want numbered, you can use the \verb+displaymath+ 
environment or the \verb+\nonumber+ command.

The \verb+\ref{ }+ command does not place 
parenthesis around the equations.
You will need to insert these by yourself (e.g., \verb+(\ref{label})+). 
When you want
to refer to an equation, do {\bf not} 
use the word equation or the abbreviation eqn. Please 
examine the examples in Appendix~A.

\subsection{Subequations}\label{subeq}
If you want the equations to be numbered as subequations (e.g., 1.1a, 1.1b,
\ldots 1.1f, 1.1g, etc.), the style file~--~\verb+subequation.sty+, which is in
the style-file library, can be used. If you are not on {\tt ee} or {\tt eemips},
please check Table~I and copy \verb+subequation.sty+ to your local directory.

The \verb+subequation.sty+ is included as an option in the \verb+documentstyle+
as follows,

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
\documentstyle[subequation]{eethesis}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace

When you want to add the subequations into the thesis, you can type 

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{subequations}
 \begin{equation}
  equation 1
 \end{equation}
  Text of paragraph.
 \begin{equation} 
  equation 2
 \end{equation}
\end{subequations}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace

Equation~2 will follow equation~1 and they are subequationed even if there
is some text in between them.

The following is a simple example. If you type,

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{subequations}
 \begin{eqnarray}
  a &amp;=&amp; b + c + d \\
    &amp;=&amp; e + f + g \nonumber \\
    &amp; &amp; h + k \\
    &amp;=&amp; x + y  
 \end{eqnarray}
\end{subequations}
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace
You will get the following equations,

\begin{subequations}
 \begin{eqnarray}
  a &amp;=&amp; b + c + d \\
    &amp;=&amp; e + f + g \nonumber \\
    &amp; &amp; h + k \\
    &amp;=&amp; x + y  
 \end{eqnarray}
\end{subequations}

You can refer to the equation in the same manner 
as regular equations. Therefore,
you can put \verb+\label+ command in the end of the equation and then
use \verb+\ref+ to refer that equation.
 
\section{Tables and Figures}
\LaTeX\ has a \verb+table+ environment and a \verb+figure+ environment so that 
you can include tables and figures in your papers.
The \verb+\caption+ command is used to make titles for your tables
and figures within the text of your thesis. Look on pages 59, 72 and 177
of your \LaTeX\ manual for more details on \verb+\caption+. You may wish to
use the \verb+\label+ command along with \verb+\caption+ so you can 
automatically reference your figures and tables using the \verb+\ref+ command. 
This could save you from doing a great deal of renumbering should you decide to 
add or delete a figure or table. 
\subsection{Creating Tables and Figures}
\LaTeX\ is very good at making tables and simple figures such as block 
diagrams. You can create your own tables using the \verb+tabular+ environment 
and create your own figures using the \verb+picture+ environment of \LaTeX. 
These environments are explained in the \LaTeX\ User's Guide. You will need to 
leave space between the caption and your table and between your figure and its 
caption (see examples in Appendix~A). Also, the \verb+\centering+ command will 
center your figure or table if it is included just after \verb+\begin{figure}+ 
or \verb+\begin{table}+. Examples showing 
the use of these environments are included in the sample paper in Appendix~A.

The caption for a figure goes below the figure, and the caption for a table
goes above the table. See the examples in Appendix~A for the proper placement 
of the \verb+\caption{ }+ command.

When you refer to a figure, use the abbreviation Fig.\ (or Figs.\ for several 
figures) and include a tie (i.e., \verb+" ~ "+) to avoid 
leaving extra space or line
breaking. See Appendix~A for examples. Use the complete word ``Table'' 
and a tie for 
referring to a table. 
\subsection{Including Tables and Figures From Other Sources}
Leaving space for figures and tables is particularly easy
in \LaTeX. One common approach in theses is to put
figures on separate pages. An easy way to leave blank
pages for figures and still keep the correct page numbering is given below.

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{figure}          
\vspace{8.0 in}                     % If your figure does not require 
                                    % an entire page, you may change
                                    % `8.0 in' to a smaller amount.
\caption{Isn't this a pretty picture}   
\label{fig:pretty}
\end{figure}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace

When you include figures from another source, 
one way to do it is to use 
\LaTeX\ to print the caption and then cut-and-paste your figure into place. 
This way, the figure counter will be incremented and the figure will 
automatically be entered into the List of Figures. If you choose to ignore our 
advice, you will have to do these things yourself. If you use figures with 
captions not made by \LaTeX, you must manually make the entry into the List of 
Figures and update the figure counter by putting the following commands in your 
text before the next figure is to appear:

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\addcontentsline{lof}{figure}{\protect\numberline{n}{caption}}
\addtocounter{figure}{1}
\addtocounter{page}{1}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
If you enter more than one figure, you will have to use several 
\verb+\addcontentsline+ commands and replace the `1's in the example above with 
the number of figures you added and the number of pages you added.

Instead of the cut and paste method, it is also possible to include figures
electronically. The only problem with including figures electronically is 
that graphics often requires lots of disk space. In the following sections, we 
describe several methods for including graphics. Several of the programs can
generate output that can be printed on either the {\tt Laserjet 2000} or the
LPS20. Our personal favorite is to generate PostScript output and use the LPS20.

\subsection{\Ps\ Figures}
\Ps\ is a page description language that is useful for documents that include
graphics. There are many machines and programs that can generate
\Ps\ figures. For example, PGPLOT, Fig, and GNUPLOT described below can
generate \Ps\ output (These programs can also generate output that can be 
printed on non-\Ps\ printers like our {\tt Laserjet 2000} as well.). In 
addition, virtually all Macintosh applications can generate PostScript (e.g.,
MacDraw, Canvas, SuperPaint, and DeltaGraph). There is also a growing number
of IBM PC applications that can generate PostScript. The easiest type of \Ps\
figure to include is an Encapsulated \Ps\ file (EPSF). 
In purchasing applications
for your Macintosh or PC, check to make sure that they can generate EPSF.
You can simply include those figures
into your \TeX\ or \LaTeX\ document. 
An important characteristic of
\Ps\ figures is that they are scalable, i.e., 
the figures can be scaled to any size.
The DEC LPS20 is a \Ps\ printer; the {\tt Laserjet 2000} $\underline{cannot}$
print \Ps.

If you have 
\Ps\ figures, you can use the \verb+\psfig+ command to
include those figures into a \TeX\ or \LaTeX\ document.
In Appendix~D, you will find the \verb+\psfig+ manual and an example
that shows how to include figures generated 
on the Macintosh into \TeX\ or \LaTeX\
documents.

\subsection{PGPLOT}
The PGPLOT Fortran graphics subroutine library is available on ee,
eemips, and Venus. Originally developed by 
T. J. Pearson of the Caltech Astronomy
Department, the local version has been modified 
to generate output that can also be 
directly inserted into a \TeX\ or \LaTeX\ document. 
PGPLOT is the primary scientific graphics package we support in the EE 
department. PGPLOT can generate either \TeX\ font file output or \Ps\ output.
PGPLOT can also plot to just about any kind of interactive device known to man.
An interactive front-end for PGPLOT called `iplot' is also available. You can
also call PGPLOT routines from C.
A user's manual is 
available from the WERC copy center, and a copy is available for checkout 
in the instrument room. An example of including a PGPLOT 
\Ps\ figure into a \LaTeX\ document is shown in Appendix~H.

\subsection{Fig}
On the Sun Sparc workstations there is a plotting 
package called Fig. This package
can be used to draw block diagrams. The graph 
can be transferred to either the \LaTeX\
\verb+picture+ environment or Fig can generate \Ps\ output. 
It is cumbersome to draw figures in the
\verb+picture+ environment of \LaTeX. Fig is a neat alternative, all you need to
do is use the mouse. The help command is interactive. To execute
Fig, do the following

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
sun% fig figure.fig
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace

\noindent
where {\tt figure.fig} is the file name of the figure you want to draw.

There are some restrictions on \LaTeX\ \verb+picture+
output. For example, the length of the \verb+\line+ should be more than 
10pt (or 1/7 in), the diameter of a
\verb+circle+ should be less than 1/2 inches, and
the diameter of a disk (\verb+\circle*+) should be less than 0.2 inch. There is
an ellipse in Fig, but there is no ellipse font in \LaTeX. 
If you draw an ellipse
in Fig and use \verb+transfig+ to transfer your 
figure to the \verb+picture+ environment, all 
you can get is an \verb+oval+. There are no similar restrictions if you select
PostScript output. You can use \verb+transfig+ to transfer a
figure with an ellipse to a \Ps\ file and then use the 
\verb+\psfig+ command to include
this figure into a \LaTeX\ document. The details of 
using \verb+\psfig+ are given in
Appendix~D. 

The following \verb+transfig+ command is used to transfer your figure to
the \LaTeX\ \verb+\picture+ environment (this can be printed on the {\tt
Laserjet 2000}),

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
             sun% transfig -L latex -f cmr figure.fig
             sun% make
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
where \verb+sun%+ is the prompt of the sun workstation.
If you want to get a \Ps\ file, you can type the following command.

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
             sun% transfig -L postscript -f cmr figure.fig
             sun% make
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace

After running the above two commands, you should delete \verb+Makefile+.
Next transfer the figure.tex or figure.ps to your thesis directory
and include that file into your \LaTeX\ document.

For the details about \verb+transfig+ please check Appendix~C.

\subsection{{\sc Pic}\TeX}
The \LaTeX\ picture environment is useful for making simple pictures and block 
diagrams. {\sc Pic}\TeX\ is useful for more complicated graphs and plots; you 
might find it handy for plotting data to display in your thesis.
{\sc Pic}\TeX\ is installed on  eemips and ee.
Unfortunately, {\sc Pic}\TeX\ takes a very long time to execute --- we suggest
you run it on ee or eemips. Furthermore, 
{\sc Pic}\TeX\ seems to us to be more complex 
than other plotting packages such as PGPLOT, PICSURE, and DeltaGraph.
The {\sc Pic}\TeX\ manual should be available at the MSC Bookstore, and a 
copy is available for checkout in the instrument room.

\subsection{PICSURE}
The PICSURE graphing program is available on SIGMA, and it is pretty popular on
our campus. Access PICSURE using TEX as the secondary device and
the output of PICSURE can be included into a \TeX\ document. When a chart is 
ready to be ported into \TeX, give the command `PLOT 2' and answer the questions
concerning plot orientation and size. Actually, the `PLOT 2' command starts
the PGPLOT program, and will generate two files, \verb+pvi.300pk+ and
\verb+pvi.tfm+, in the current directory. You can copy these two files to your
thesis directory and then include the following commands to the place
the figure in your thesis (here we include the command of Example~1 
from the PicSure Line
Graph card as our example from Appendix~K): 

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
      \font\chart=pvi
      \centerline{\chart A}
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
Appendix~K includes two PicSure quick reference cards and there include
several examples of PicSure graphs in \TeX.
The detailed manual for PICSURE is available in 
the WERC copy center. 

\subsection{GNUPLOT}
GNUPLOT is a graphics program that is
popular with \TeX\ and \LaTeX\  users. 
It is available on ee and eemips. GNUPLOT can
generate figures using mathematical functions or input data. The output figure
can be either PostScript or the \verb+picture+ environment of \LaTeX.
The PostScript file can be included into a \TeX\ or \LaTeX\ document by using
the \verb+\psfig+ command. 
The manual is attached in Appendix~E.

\subsection{Placement of Tables and Figures}
\LaTeX\ will never place your figure or table on an earlier page than the text 
immediately preceding the \verb+figure+ or \verb+table+ environment. 
Therefore, the best place for you to put the \verb+figure+ or \verb+table+
environment is right after the sentence in which the figure or table is first 
referenced. If more of the paragraph follows, do {\em not} leave a blank line 
above or below the figure or table environment (c.f., p.~60 \LaTeX\ User's 
Guide).

There is an optional argument in the 
\verb+\begin{table/figure}+ command which allows you to specify where you want 
your table or figure to be placed. Tables (or figures) placed using the 
\verb+[h]+ placement option (placed at the position in the text where
\verb+\begin{table/figure}[h]+ appears) can look very good. However, using this 
option can also result in problems (see p.~177 of the \LaTeX\ User's Guide). 
Our advice for amateurs is to use the default \verb+[tbp]+ option.
If you have problems with \LaTeX\ insisting upon putting a figure 
or table in a bad location, read Appendix~C.8.1 on page~176 of the \LaTeX\ 
User's Guide to help you try to overcome \LaTeX's stubbornness.

If the table is too big and exceeds one page, there is a convenient way
to handle this. In the first page of that table you can type as usual and
put \verb+\begin{table} \caption+ and \verb+\end{table}+ to generate the
table number and caption of that table.
According to the rules of the thesis clerk, the caption of the
table on the second page should be as follows,
\begin{center}
{\tt Table XX. Continued}
\end{center}
We suggest the following way to handle the second page of a table: 

\refspace
\begin{verbatim}
\begin{table}
\centerline{Table~\thetable. Continued.}\\
\begin{tabular}[option]{adjustment}
content of tabular
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{verbatim}

\doublespace
\noindent
where \verb+\thetable+ is a \LaTeX\ counter that
contains the table number of the current table. 
If your table is longer than two pages, the caption for
the rest of the table can be done in the same way.
Using this method of breaking tables, you have to measure the length 
of the table and manually break the pages.

\section{Including Source Code into the Thesis}
Some theses may include source code 
or an algorithm in the text body, figure, or appendix. In 
this version of \verb+eethesis.sty+, we include a document style
\verb+verbatimfiles+ developed by Chris Rowley to deal with this
problem. There are two commands that can be used. 
\verb+\verbatimfile{file.c}+
can include a program called \verb+file.c+ to the text. 
\verb+verbatimlisting[n]{file.c}+ will include the program \verb+file.c+ to the 
text and will list the line numbers of program \verb+file.c+ every 
\verb+n+ lines. 

Suppose we have a program \verb+file.c+, and type the commands,

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
\singlespace
\verbatimfile{file.c}
\doublespace
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
the output form is given below:

\singlespace
\verbatimfile{file.c}
\doublespace

In contrast, if we use \verb+\verbatimlisting[10]{file.c}+

\singlespace
\begin{verbatim}
\singlespace
\verbatimlisting[10]{file.c}
\doublespace
\end{verbatim}
\doublespace
then \verb+file.c+ 
will be included in the text and the line numbers printed every
10 lines as follows,

\singlespace
\verbatimlisting[10]{file.c}

\doublespace
The \verb+\verbatimfile+ and \verb+\verbatimlisting+ can be used in 
the text body, the \verb+figure+ environment, or in an Appendix.

\section{Blue Line Emulation}
The text of the thesis should not exceed the frame of the blue line
paper. Some thesis writers may worry if their figures or codes exceed
the frame. We have included a command \verb+\blueline+ to 
emulate the frame of the blue line paper. If you want to utilize the emulation 
of blue line you have to type \verb+\blueline+ 
in the preamble, then you will get
a frame to enclose your text in every page of your thesis. But remember, after
you finish your thesis, you should comment out the \verb+\blueline+ command.

\section{Writing Your Proposal}
You can also write your thesis proposal using the {\tt eethesis} document style.
The only thing you should do differently is to use the \LaTeX\ command
\verb+\part+ instead of \verb+\chapter+. All of the other facilities of the 
{\tt eethesis} document style will be available to you, although the 
\verb+\body+ command may very well be the only one that is particularly useful. 
The \verb+\part+ command will correctly format the major section headings of 
your proposal and will not start the sections on new pages as \verb+\chapter+ 
does.

\section{Miscellaneous}
In this section we attempt to anticipate some unusual situations you might have
and try to help you deal with them. We also would like to mention a few features
of \LaTeX\ that you might find particularly helpful.
\subsection{The {\tt $\backslash$label} Command}
The \verb+\label+ command can also be used in conjunction with the 
\verb+\pageref+ command to refer to text on other pages. This can be helpful as
you can refer to another section of text, which might slide from page to page
as you edit your text. It is explained on page 72 of the \LaTeX\ Users Guide.

\newfont{\euf}{eufm10}
\newfont{\pun}{punkbx20}
\subsection{New Fonts}
In addition to the fonts of \verb+\bf, \sf, \sl, \sc,+ and \verb+\tt+, we have
many new fonts on ee and eemips, such as {\euf R} and {\pun R}. If you 
think all the regular fonts supported by \LaTeX\ are not enough for your 
thesis, you can contact to Wen-Lin Hsieh\\
(\verb+wenlin@ee.tamu.edu+) and he will
show you the font map.

\subsection{{\sc Sli}\TeX}
You may find {\sc Sli}\TeX\ useful for making the slides that you will use in 
your thesis or dissertation defense. {\sc Sli}\TeX\ uses special larger fonts 
which are more readable than the standard \LaTeX\ fonts. You may find it very
convenient to pull equations directly out of your thesis into a slide file which
{\sc Sli}\TeX\ will use to create your slides. Refer to Appendix~A of the 
\LaTeX\ User's Guide for more information about {\sc Sli}\TeX.

\subsection{PCs and Macintoshes}
\TeX\ and \LaTeX\ both run well on IBM PCs and MACs with hard disks and laser 
printers. For example, in the Electrical Engineering Department we run PC\TeX\ 
and \LaTeX\ on IBM AT clones with a 40MB hard disk, EGA, and Laserjet II.\@ 
We also run $N^{2}$ Computer Associates {\tt cdvi} preview program to view the 
output on the display before we print --- this saves time and laser printers. 

You are welcome to copy to your MAC or PC the three files associated with the 
{\tt eethesis} document style: {\tt eethesis.sty, eethe12.sty}, and {\tt
eethetitle.sty} (see Table~I for directories). Copy the \verb+.sty+ files, 
which are printable ASCII characters, using Kermit, X-Modem, or ftp, etc.
\subsection{Problem Reporting}
If your thesis is rejected by the thesis clerk because of an error or deficiency
in this thesis preparation system, please send electronic mail to 
\verb+cantrell@ee.tamu.edu,+ or
\verb+wenlin@ee.tamu.edu+.
We will try to fix the problem.

\newpage
\begin{thebibliography}{33}
\bibitem{kl} Donna Knight and Suzanne Lednicky, {\sl \TeX\ Macros For 
Thesis Formatting}. Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A\&amp;M 
University, College Station, Texas, August 1984. 
\bibitem{pk} Vijay Kodali and Mike Payne, {\sl \LaTeX\ Document Style For 
Thesis Formatting}. Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A\&amp;M 
University, College Station, Texas, 1st edition, August 1986.
\bibitem{ll} Leslie Lamport, {\sl \LaTeX: A Document Preparation System}. Reading,
Massachusetts: Addison Wesley Publishing Company, 1986.
\bibitem{dk} Donald E. Knuth, {\sl The \TeX book}. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison 
Wesley Publishing Company, 1986.
\bibitem{op} Oren Patashnik, {\sl {\sc Bib}\TeX ing}. Stanford University, 
February 1988.
\bibitem{db} David J. Buerger, {\sl \LaTeX\ for Engineers \&amp; Scientists}. 
New York, McGraw--Hill Publishing Company, 1990.
\end{thebibliography}

\newcommand{\Bib}{{\sl {\sc Bib}\TeX}}

\appendix{Sample Thesis}
\pagestyle{empty}
This sample thesis is adapted from Bill Baker's thesis, which was done in the 
old \LaTeX\ {\em Thesis} documentstyle in 1986. Since much of the thesis has 
been deleted and modified, it probably doesn't make much sense any more if you 
try to read it. It is included solely for your reference to help you see how a 
thesis can be formatted using \LaTeX. In addition to the material from 
Mr.~Baker's thesis, I also used material from the sample thesis from the old 
\LaTeX\ Thesis manual and other sources.

\appendix{\Bib}
\setcounter{page}{101}

\appendix{Transfig}
\setcounter{page}{119}

\appendix{$\backslash${\tt psfig} and Examples}
\setcounter{page}{141}

\appendix{GNUPLOT}
\setcounter{page}{161}

\appendix{dvihp}
\setcounter{page}{187}

\appendix{dvips}
\setcounter{page}{197}

\appendix{PGPLOT Example}
\setcounter{page}{205}

\appendix{Setting up a CSC Student Account}
\setcounter{page}{211}

\appendix{\TeX ROX Card}
\setcounter{page}{215}

\appendix{PICSURE Card}
\setcounter{page}{219}

\end{document}
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